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A Dictionary of the Iranian Verb [Cheung] :
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Total of 1677 records 168 pages
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Forward:
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Root:
*tuH-
Prefixed form:
*tuH-
Meaning:
to be able, strong
Avestan:
tauu-
(
t³¢-
)
Kellens, Liste:
26
Avestan paradigm:
Pres. athem.
: IND. med. 3sg. LAv.
t³ite
(
V 13.8
), SUBJ. 1sg. OAv.
tauuƒ
(
Y 28.4
,
Y 50.11
), 3sg. LAv.
frƒtauuat_
(
Vyt 51
), 3pl. ? LAv. (them.!)
tauua§n
(
V 6.51
), OPT. 2sg. LAv.
fratuiiĠ
(
Y 9.29
);
Perf.
: IND. 3sg. LAv.
t³tauua
(
V 6.32
);
Partic.
: pres. LAv.
tuuan·t-
(
V 3.33
)
Old Persian:
tav-
`to be strong'
Kent, OP:
186a
Old Persian paradigm:
Partic.
: pres.
nu-
(?)
tunuvant-
<tu-
u
-nu-v-t-> (
DB 4.65
), <tu-u-nu-v-t-> (
DNb 9
);
Caus.
: IND. 3sg.
tƒvayatiy
<t-a-v-y-
t
-[i]-y> (
DNb 33
), impf. 1sg.
atƒvayam
<a-t-a-v-y-m> (
DNb 47
)
Middle Persian:
(+
*pati-
) MMP
pt'y-
`to remain, continue; endure'
Middle Persian paradigm:
s.v.
*pati-tuH-
Parthian:
(nomin.)
t'wg
`strong' ( M33 II Vii,5(106), M32a I R,1, M6232 I V,7, etc.), (+
*us-
) ?
`st'w-
`to weaken', (+
*pati-
)
pt'w-
`to bear, tolerate; (?) to remain, insist on
1
'
Ghilain, Essai:
76 f.
Parthian paradigm:
s.vv.
*us-tuH-
,
*pati-tuH-
Khotanese:
LKhot.
tvƒn~-
(
tvĤn~-
)
`to strengthen', (nomin.) LKhot.
tvƒ§n~ƒka-
`strengthener' (
Si 16v3 KT 1.26
)
Emmerick, SGS:
41
Khotanese paradigm:
MED.;
Caus.
: pres. A (Ve) IND. 3sg. LKhot.
tvƒ§n~„
(
JP 85r1 KT 1.169
), LKhot.
tvĤn~e
(
Si 14v2 KT 1.22
), 3pl. LKhot.
tvƒn~ƒre
(
P 4099.223 KBT 124
)
Sogdian:
(nomin.) BSogd.
t'w'nty
(
SCE 10
), MSogd.
t'wndyy
`strong, powerful', (+
pati-
) BSogd.
pt'w-
, MSogd.
pt'w-
`to endure'
New West Iranian:
NP
tavƒnistan/tavƒn-
`to be able'
Footnotes:
1
Cf. Sundermann 1981\x: 169a: "Die Bedeutung ,,bleiben'' ist fµr mp.
patt³dan
wohl bezeugt ..., fµr parthT.
patt³dan
,
pattƒw-
ist m. W. jedoch ... nur ,,erdulden, ertragen'' belegt".
Root:
*ƒ-nau¸-
Parthian:
(caus.)
'n'w-
`to set into motion'
Ghilain, Essai:
77
Parthian paradigm:
Caus.
: pres. IND. 3pl.
'n'wynd
( M77 II V,4(25)), pret. IND. 3sg.
'n'w'd
( M33 I Vi,8(34))
Root:
*baj¹-
Meaning:
to break
Middle Persian:
(nomin.) MMP
bxt-gyh
Parthian:
(nomin.)
bx«'dnft
`schism'
Khotanese:
b³s·s·-
`to give, distribute'
Emmerick, SGS:
103
Khotanese paradigm:
Pres. ?
: INJ. 1sg. OKhot.
b³s·s·u
(
Z 2.129
), OPT. 1sg.
b³s·s·„
(
Z 2.127
), 3sg. OKhot.
b³s·„
(
Kha 1.13 146v2 KBT 6
), IMPV. 2sg. OKhot.
b³s·s·a
(
Z 2.100
);
Perf.
: tr. 3sg. m. OKhot.
b³te
(
Z 13.84
), 1pl. LKhot.
buvƒm·d³m·
(
P 2031.16 KT 2.84
), 3pl. LKhot.
buvƒm·de
(
JS 27r2
);
Partic.
: perf. pass. OKhot.
b³ta-
(
Z 14.11
), LKhot.
buva-
Sogdian:
(nomin.) MSogd.
b
xt-wnyy
`internal conflict, schisma'
New East Iranian:
Pash. (nomin.)
wat
`break, hole'
Sanskrit cognates:
bhan~j-
`to break' (RV+)
Indo-European reconstruction:
*b
h
eg-
Root:
*band-
Meaning:
to bind
Avestan:
LAv.
ban·d-
`to bind'
Kellens, Liste:
37
Avestan paradigm:
Pres. {1}
ai¸a-
: IND. 3sg. LAv.
ban·daiieiti
(
V 22.5
,
V 5.8
, f.), INJ. 3sg. LAv.
ban·daiiat_
(
Y 11.7
,
Yt 19.77
), med. 3sg. LAv.
ban·daiiata
(
Yt 5.128
), SUBJ. 1sg. LAv.
ban·daiieni
(
Yt 9.18
), 3sg. LAv.
ban·daiiƒiti
(
Vn 96
), LAv.
ban·daiiƒt_
(
Y 11.7
);
Pres. {2} them.
: IND. 1sg. LAv.
ban·dƒmi
(
Yt 4.5
)
Old Persian:
bas-
`to bind', (nomin.)
ba
n
daka-
`subject, servant' <b-d-k-> (
DB 2.20
,
DB 2.30
,
DB 2.49
, etc.), (+
*u¸i-
) (nomin.) ? El-OP hh.mi-ban-da PN (= OP
*vibanda-
, Gershevitch
apud
Hintz 1975
: 259;
Hinz-Koch 1987
: 919)
Kent, OP:
199b
Old Persian paradigm:
Partic.
: perf. pass.
basta-
<b-s-t> (
DB 1.82
,
DB 2.75
,
DB 2.90
,
DB 5.26
)
Middle Persian:
MMP
bn-
`to bind, fetter', (nomin.) MMP
bnd
`chain, fetter' ( M9 II V,17, | M781+M1314+M1315 I V,14(25)|), MMP
bny«n
`binding, connection' ( M9 II V,2, M9 II V,6, M9 II V,9), MMP
bnyst''n
( M7981 I Vi,34, M482 a V,13(181)), MMP
bnyst''n
`prison' ( M7984 II Vi,15, M7981 I Vii,17)
Middle Persian paradigm:
Pres.
: IND. 3sg. MMP
x
bynyd (| M101 e 1,7(117)|), 3pl. MMP
bynynd
( M263f+M292+M5228 II Aii,7(874)), SUBJ. 2sg. MMP
x
bynyh_ (| M472 II R,8(536)|), 3pl. MMP
byn'nd
( M7983 I Vii,2);
Partic.
: perf. pass. MMP
bstg
( M74 I R,20, M475 a V,9(81)), MMP
bst
( M7981 I Vii,31, v. foll.),
bst·
(v. foll.);
Pass.
: pres. IND. 3sg. MMP
bst
x
bwyd
(| M537aI+M473c II V,21(45)|), SUBJ. 3sg. MMP
bst bw'd
( M476? a R,2(386), | M476? a R,14(398)|), 3pl. MMP
bst b''nd
( M7981 I Vii,19), pret. IND. 3sg. MMP
bst
( M7982 I Rii,8, M7982 I Vii,20, S12 I b,51, etc.), MMP
bst·
( S9 I Ra=Ri,14, S9 I Ra=Ri,22, M101 j 1,9(31), M101 b 2,2(146)), 3pl. MMP
bst hynd
( M7984 II Vi,8, M1001+M1012+M1013etc. II Riii,19(64), M100 II Vii,14(761)), perf. IND. 1sg. MMP
bstg bwd hym
`I was bound' ( M475 a V,9(81)), 3sg. (pres.-stat.) MMP
bst `styd
( M9 II R,18), 3pl. MMP
bst bwd hynd
( M7981 I Rii,24), pperf. IND. 3sg. MMP
bst 'n'd
( S9 I Rb=Rii,14);
Inf.
: MMP
bstn
( M101 l 1,4(45), M100 II Vii,12(759))
Parthian:
bnd-
`to bind', IParth.
bs-
`to construct (a bridge)', (nomin.)
bnd
`chain, prison' ( M2 II Vi,3(77), M7 I Ri,28, M33 II Rii,6(73), etc.),
bndg
`slave' ( M5815 I Rii,24(50), M291a I A,5(5), M499+M706+M334b II R,13(52), M333 II V,3(94)),
bstg
`bound' ( M7 I Ri,27, | M4573 II Vii,13(1114)|, | M8828 d R,2a|), (+
*pati-
)
pdbs-
`to bind', (nomin.)
pdbnd
`bar, clamp' ( M673 a V,26a, M518 a R,1b), (+
*fra-
)
frbs-
`to close, clog, stop up', (+
*u¸i-
)
wbstn
`to untie'
1
, (nomin.) ?
wbndg
`snare' (also poss.
w-
<
*au¸a-
?, M523a-c I V,4), (+
*ham-
)
'mbs-
`
tresser
'
Ghilain, Essai:
54 f.
Parthian paradigm:
Pres.
: IND. 3sg.
bndyd
( M93 II V,11b, ff., M240 II V,3, f., M240 II V,6, etc.), 3pl.
bndynd
( M2 II Vi,4(78), M333 II V,8(99));
Partic.
: perf. pass.
bst
( M2 II Rii,34(71), M42 II Vi,17(69), M291a I A,6(6), etc.), IParth.
bsty
(NPi 29, |MNFd 6|);
Inf.
: IParth.
bstny
(MNFd 3); s.vv.
*pati-band-
,
*fra-band-
,
Khotanese:
ban~-
(
bas-
) `to bind', (+
*pati-
)
paban~-
(
pabas-
) `to bind', (+
*ham-
) OKhot.
ham·ban~-
(
ham·bas-
) `to compose', (intr./pass.) LKhot.
*ham·bad-
(
ham·bet-
) `to stop'
Emmerick, SGS:
92, 71, 142
Khotanese paradigm:
Pres. A (Va)
: IND. 3sg. OKhot.
ban~„te
(
Z 11.36
,
Z 11.50
), OKhot.
ban~ite
(
Z 13.28
,
Z 24.444
), 3pl. OKhot.
ban~–ndi
(
Z 22.324
);
Perf.
: tr. 3sg. m. OKhot.
baste
(
Z 5.31
), 3pl. OKhot.
bastƒndi
(
Z 23.21
), LKhot.
ba'stƒda
(
P 4099.124 KBT 119
);
Partic.
: perf. pass. OKhot.
basta-
(
Z 4.67
);
Inf
: LKhot.
bas´ti
(
P 2787.85 KT 2.104
);
Pass.
: pres. C (Vc) IND. 3sg. OKhot.
baitt„
, 3pl. OKhot.
baind„
(
Z 3.107
,
Z 22.273
); s.vv.
*pati-band-
,
*ham-band-
Sogdian:
BSogd.
b
ynt
, CSogd.
bynt
, MSogd.
bynd
`to bind', (pass.) BSogd.
b
y‹-
`to be impeded, restricted', (nomin.) BSogd.
b
nt
`bond, attachment' (
Dhu. 202(N)
), BSogd.
b
nt
(
SCE 362
), MSogd.
b
nd
`prison', CSogd.
bntt
(pl.) `bond, fetter' (
C2 22R.7
,
C2 22R.9
), BSogd.
b
nt'k
(
SCE 373
), SSogd.
b
ntk
(m.) (
AL 2.35
,
AL 2.42
,
AL 2.53
, etc.), BSogd.
b
ntk
(
SCE 341
,
P1 7V.162
,
P1 12R.417
, etc.), CSogd.
bnty
(m.) `servant, slave' (
C2 51R.19
,
C2 66V.3
,
C2 27R.6
), MSogd.
b
ynd
`closure', (+
*ƒ-
) BSogd.
*''
b
nd-
`to bind, join', (nomin.) CSogd.
'bnt
`union' (
C2 14R.20
), (+
*pati-
) BSogd.
pc
b
ynt
`to join, connect', BSogd.
pt
b
'ynt
, CSogd.
ptbynt
`to answer, reply', (nomin.) SSogd.
pc
b
nt
(m.) (
AL 2.33
, f.), BSogd.
pc
b
'nt
`answer, reply' (
Vim. 21
,
Vim. 65
,
Dhu. 14
, etc.), (+ *
pari-
) (nomin.) CSogd.
prbnty
(m.) `burden' (
C2 27V.3
), (+
*u¸i-
) (nomin.) CSogd.
wbnty
(m.) `snare' (
C2 12R.4
)
Sogdian paradigm:
Pres.
: IND. 3sg. BSogd.
b
ynt
(
SCE 116
), BSogd.
b
yntt
(
Dhy. 171
), SUBJ. 3sg. BSogd.
b
ynt't
(
Dhy. 19
, ff.,
Dhy. 53
,
Dhy. 85
,
Dhy. 194
), ? CSogd.
byntyt
(
C2 22R.10
), OPT. 3sg. BSogd.
b
ynt'y
(
Dhy. 31
), CSogd.
bynty
(
C2 25V.9
);
Impf.
: IND. 3sg. BSogd.
b
ynt
(
P1 5R.93
), MSogd.
b
yynd
(
M133 Ri.14
), 3pl. BSogd.
b
ynt'nt
(
P1 24R.873
,
P1 37V.1356
,
P1 38V.1439
), CSogd.
byntnt
(
C2 17R.1
), 3pl. MSogd.
ynd'nd
(
M7800 IR.2
=
KawG
: 68);
Fut.
: IND. 1sg. MSogd.
b
yndmq'm
(
TIID117 V.32
=
Sogd.Tales
: 473);
Partic
.: perf. pass. CSogd.
bsty
(
C2 13V.23
,
C2 22V.3
,
C2 25V.16
,
C2 51V.14
), (Asg.) CSogd.
bstw
(
C2 69R.30
), (pl.) CSogd.
bstyt
(
C2 25R.2
);
Inf.
: BSogd.
b
ynt'y
(
SCE 401
), pret. BSogd.
b
sty
(
P1 35V.1239
), CSogd.
bsty
(
C2 22R.13
,
C2 22V.3
);
Pass.
: pres. IND. 3sg. BSogd.
b
y‹'yt
(
SCE 34
,
SCE 415
), (periphr.) SUBJ. 3pl. CSogd.
bnt· byst·yt·
`let (your loins) be girded about' (
C5 19R.1
), OPT. 3sg. MSogd.
b
styy
x
w
b
yy
`(if someone) would be refused' (
M139 V.6(31)
=
BBB
: 50), pret. IND. 3pl. SSogd. (
'krt'nt
)
b
st'kt
`(were) bound' (
\X1 iiR.1
), fut. IND. 2pl. SSogd.
b
styty
b
w‹'k'm
`you will be bound' (
18248 IR.15
=
Magi
: 138), 3pl. SSogd.
b
styty
b
ntk'm
`they will be bound' (
18248 IV.44
=
Magi
: 138), perf. intr. IND. 3pl. MSogd.
b
styt xnd
`are bound' (
M178 IIV.123
); s.v.
*pati-band-
Chorasmian:
(+
*uz-
) (intr./pass.)
m|zfsy-
`to become complicated, obscure, difficult (of speeches)', (caus.)
m|zBncy-
`to complicate, make complicated, obscure (of speeches)'
Samadi, Verbum:
263
Chorasmian paradigm:
s.v.
*uz-band-
New West Iranian:
NP
bastan/band-
`to bind, tie', Kurd. (Hewr.)
bend
`to bind', (+
*pati-
) NP
payvastan/payvand-
`to join, attach to', (nomin.)
payvand
`joint, union'
New East Iranian:
Yaghn.
vant-/vasta
`to bind'
Footnotes:
1
Quoted in
Henning 1937
: 88.
Root:
*band-
Prefixed form:
*ƒ-band-
Sogdian:
BSogd.
*''
b
nd-
, CSogd.
'bynt-
`to bind, join', (nomin.) CSogd.
'bnt
`union' (
C2 14R.20
)
Sogdian paradigm:
Pres.
: IND. 3pl. CSogd.
'byntnt
(
C2 31V.24
,
C2 40V.10
,
C2 40V.21
);
Partic.
: perf. pass. BSogd.
''
b
'stk
`bound, joined, permanent' (
VJ 868
,
VJ 871
), CSogd.
'bst-
`attached, fixed, permanent, constant' (
C2 31R.29
,
C2 108R.7
,
C2 40V.22
, etc.)
Root:
*band-
Prefixed form:
*uz-band-
Chorasmian:
(intr./pass.)
m|zfsy-
`to become complicated, obscure, difficult (of speeches)', (caus.)
m|zBncy-
`to complicate, make complicated, obscure (of speeches)'
Samadi, Verbum:
263, 262
Chorasmian paradigm:
Impf.
: IND. 3sg.
mzfsyd
( 388.1, 498.2, 498.7, 499.1);
Caus.
: impf. IND. 3sg.
mzBncyd
(
392.7
)
Root:
*band-
Prefixed form:
*pati-band-
Meaning:
to bind, join
Middle Persian:
MMP
pyws-
`to connect, tie', (nomin.) MMP
pywn
`connection, tie' ( M7982 I Vi,12, M7983 I Ri,33)
Middle Persian paradigm:
Partic.
: perf. pass. MMP
pywst
(v. foll.);
Pass.
: pret. IND. 3sg. MMP
pywst
( M7982 I Vi,13, M7983 I Ri,34, | M1001+M1012+M1013etc. II Vi,15(99)), 3pl. MMP
pywst hynd
( M49 II R,6)
Parthian:
pdbs-
`to bind', (nomin.)
pdbnd
`bar, clamp' ( M673 a V,26a, M518 a R,1b)
Ghilain, Essai:
55
Parthian paradigm:
Partic.
: perf. pass.
pdbst
( TIIK d V,13a)
Khotanese:
paban~-
(
pabas-
) `to bind', (nomin.) OKhot.
pabana-
`connexion' (
Z 5.81
)
Emmerick, SGS:
71
Khotanese paradigm:
Pres. A/B (Va)
: IND. 3pl. LKhot.
paban~–da
(
P 4099.281 KBT 127
);
Partic.
: perf. pass.
pabast„
`continously' (
P 2801.6 KT 3.65
)
Sogdian:
BSogd.
pc
b
ynt
`to join, connect', BSogd.
pt
b
'ynt
, CSogd.
ptbynt
`to answer, reply', MSogd.
pt
b
'ynt
`to prolong; connect; overtake, join', (nomin.) SSogd.
pc
b
nt
(m.) (
AL 2.33
, f.), BSogd.
pc
b
'nt
`answer, reply' (
Vim. 21
,
Vim. 65
,
Dhu. 14
, etc.), BSogd.
pc
b
'nty
(
BST 118
), SSogd.
pc
b
'nty
`in turn' (
MKG 467
)
Sogdian paradigm:
Pres.
: OPT. 3sg. BSogd.
pc
b
ynt'y
(
Dhy. 104(N)
);
Impf.
: IND. 3sg. BSogd.
pt
b
'ynt
(
P1 10V.292
), BSogd.
pt
b
'yntt
(
P1 10V.290
), CSogd.
ptbynt
(
C2 23R.29
), MSogd.
pcy
b
ynd
(
M760R.2
);
Perf.
: intr. IND. 3sg. MSogd.
pt·
b
st·t·yy 'st·yh_
`is connected' (
M363 V.6(16)
=
KawK
: 71);
Partic.
: perf. pass. MSogd.
x
pt
b
yst'k `connected' (
MKG 421
)
Chorasmian:
pc
b
ncy-
`to bind together', (pass.) to be bound together'
Samadi, Verbum:
139
Chorasmian paradigm:
Impf.
: IND. 3sg.
p'c
b
ncyd
( 80.5, 131.7, 132.1), 3pl.
p'c
b
ncy'r
( 489.5);
Partic.
: perf. pass.
pc
b
stk ²
( 432.4), (f.)
pc
b
tc
( 359.1);
Pass.
: impf. IND. 3sg.
p'cfsd
( 428.8),
P'cfsd
( 446.2)
New West Iranian:
NP
payvastan/payvand-
`to join, attach to', (nomin.)
payvand
`joint, union'
Root:
*band-
Prefixed form:
*pari-band-
Sogdian:
(nomin.) CSogd.
prbnty
(m.) `burden' (
C2 27V.3
)
Comments:
Sogd.
prbnty
is apparently the source of Toch.
perpente
`burden, load' (K.T. Schmidt,
apud
Sims-Williams 1984
: 63).
Root:
*band-
Prefixed form:
*fra-band-
Meaning:
to close, stop up ?
Parthian:
frbs-
`to close, clog, stop up'
Ghilain, Essai:
55
Parthian paradigm:
Partic.
: perf. pass.
frbst·
( M6 II Rii,22(52))
Root:
*band-
Prefixed form:
*ni-band-
Meaning:
to attach, connect
Middle Persian:
? MMP
nwn-
`to connect', (nomin.) MMP
nwny«n
`connection' ( M7982 I Vi,12, M7983 I Ri,33, M1004+M1005+M1008+M1010 II Viii,21(422))
Middle Persian paradigm:
Pres.
: SUBJ. 3pl. ? MMP
x
nwn'nd (| M464c II Ai,5(5)|
1
)
Sogdian:
BSogd.
n
b
'ynt
`to attach', (nomin.) BSogd.
'n
b
'nt
`attachment, hindrance' (
Vim. 6
,
Vim. 197
,
Dhu. 63
)
Chorasmian:
m|n
b
ncy-
`to swear (oath)'
Samadi, Verbum:
118
Chorasmian paradigm:
Impf.
: IND. 3sg.
mn
b
ncyd
( 384.1)
New East Iranian:
(nomin.) Oss. I.
nyvond
, D.
nivond
`sacrifice'
Footnotes:
1
Context unclear.
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